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Data Analyst Interview Questions

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Indeed’s Employer Resource Library helps businesses grow and manage their workforce. With over 15,000 articles in 6 languages, we offer tactical advice, how-tos and best practices to help businesses hire and retain great employees.

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Whether you are preparing to interview a candidate or applying for a job, review our list of top Data Analyst interview questions and answers.

  1. How would you explain the difference between data mining and data profiling? See answer
  2. How have you handled data inconsistencies in the past? See answer
  3. While working in Excel, how can you clear all the formatting without removing cell content? See answer
  4. Is it possible to make a Pivot Table from several tables? See answer
  5. Can you explain what a data analyst does? See answer
  6. Can you explain a time you missed a deadline? See answer
  7. Which data analytics software are you experienced with? See answer
  8. Can you break down the process you use when starting a new project? See answer
  9. Why would you like to work with this company as a data analyst? See answer
  10. Can you explain the different ways to create a data frame in Pandas? See answer
  11. Can you tell me what “data cleansing” means and how you practise this?
  12. Can you explain the term “data validation?”
  13. What was the most extensive data set you’ve worked with previously?
  14. Can you explain “data wrangling?”
  15. How would you describe “time series” analysis?
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Our mission

Indeed’s Employer Resource Library helps businesses grow and manage their workforce. With over 15,000 articles in 6 languages, we offer tactical advice, how-tos and best practices to help businesses hire and retain great employees.

Read our editorial guidelines

15 Data Analyst Interview Questions and Answers

Can you tell me what "data cleansing" means and how you practise this?

The goal of this question is to assess a candidate's ability to detect and remove any data inconsistencies or errors. You can also gauge their confidence and communication skills. Sometimes an analyst must discuss a project directly with the client, and they should possess professional communication skills. What to look for in an answer:

  • Systematic approach
  • Attention to detail and accuracy
  • Critical thinking skills

Example:

"The term data cleansing refers to the process of locating and correcting inaccurate or corrupt data. I employ several practises for improved data quality. The first is breaking up large chunks into smaller datasets before cleaning. The second is to track data cleansing operations to allow easy removal or addition from datasets. I also create scripts to handle frequent cleaning tasks, which saves time and improves accuracy."

How would you explain the difference between data mining and data profiling?

This question can help you assess a candidate's understanding and knowledge of their position. A data analyst needs to understand the many aspects of their position. A candidate should also be able to explain processes clearly and concisely. What to look for in an answer:

  • Understanding of key differences
  • Accurate descriptions
  • Oral communication skills

Example:

"Data mining is the process of identifying records in large datasets, sequence recovery, and analyzing data clusters. In contrast, data profiling deals with individual attributes to provide valuable information on data type, length, and frequency."

How have you handled data inconsistencies in the past?

Identifying and handling inconsistencies is an essential concept for an analyst to understand because they spend much of their time cleaning and processing data which may contain inconsistencies. This question highlights a candidate's understanding and experience. What to look for in an answer:

  • Logical thought process
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Attention to detail

Example:

"At my last position, I used a central semantic storage approach to prevent data inconsistencies. This approach helps create a central area for the data that I used as a reference when processing data. I think preventive measures like this are best for handling inconsistencies, but if an inconsistency still occurs I use a primary key to link to a table where I can re-enter the correct data."

Can you explain the term "data validation?"

This question aims to assess a candidate's knowledge and ability to describe key aspects of a data analyst's position. They must have a clear understanding of all aspects of their position. What to look for in an answer:

  • Clear definition
  • Knowledgeable
  • Effective communication

Example:

"Data validation is the process of ensuring data and its sources are accurate. Screening data is an important step of analysis because it helps prevent inconsistencies and ensure the data conforms to business rules. In my last role, I was tasked to validate all data by comparing new data to the data stored in our database."

While working in Excel, how can you clear all the formatting without removing cell content?

This question assesses a candidate's familiarity with specific software. You may substitute with another software and action that fits your company. What to look for in an answer:

  • Responds correctly
  • Most efficient answer
  • Logical thinking

Example:

"Sometimes you may want basic data, which is easy to achieve in Excel. To do this, use the "clear formats" option found under the Home tab. Using this method will not remove any cell content. "

Is it possible to make a Pivot Table from several tables?

The goal is to test a candidate's knowledge of a specific task. You can substitute Pivot Table for any other action that may be more specific to your company. What to look for in an answer:

  • Most logical answer
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Effective communication

Example:

"Yes, you can produce a single Pivot Table from several tables if there's a preexisting connection between each table. In a previous role, I used computer software to consolidate tables into a Pivot Table. Sometimes doing this required me to change the ranges of the original tables to match others. In many cases, I feel it's easy for others to consume data when it is on one table."

What was the most extensive data set you've worked with previously?

The goal is to assess a candidate's ability to work with large datasets and many variables. Asking this question can also give you an idea of how well a candidate works with a team and handles large complicated datasets. What to look for in an answer:

  • Communication skills
  • Answers honestly
  • Uses real examples and past experiences

Example:

"One of the largest data sets I've worked with involved a joint software development project and comprised of a million records and 700 variables. I collabourated with a team of analysts to process and validate the data before we began our analysis. By separating the data into smaller sets we were able to clean and process the data efficiently. "

Can you explain what a data analyst does?

While this is one of the more basic questions, it serves an important function. The goal is to assess a candidate's understanding of data analysis and compare how each candidate understands the position. What to look for in an answer:

  • Communication skills
  • Job understanding
  • Benefits of an analyst to the company

Example:

"As a data analyst, I run, collect and process data for companies, which helps ensure accuracy of the information and helps managers make informed decisions. Another aspect of the job is implementing preventative measures, using critical thinking and attention to detail. "

Can you explain a time you missed a deadline?

The goal is to assess how a candidate handles stress. You're looking for an analyst who can foresee when a deadline is too tight and who can find a resolution. What to look for in an answer:

  • Critical thinking
  • Problem-solving skills
  • Takes responsibility

Example:

"At X Solutions, my team was struggling to find data from specific sources on a software development project. I reached out to the client to explain why we were behind schedule and what we were doing to solve the issue. This was early in the project schedule, so I was able to negotiate with the client for a two-week extension. I then used the extra time the client provided to strictly organise the process validating sources and researching for software development."

Which data analytics software are you experienced with?

This question may help you assess a candidate's aptitude for the position and indicate areas they could use extra training. Here's what to look for an answer:

  • Familiar with relevant software
  • Confident with software relating to your company
  • Understands common data analytics software

Example:

"I have extensive software experience. For my last employer, I worked on many data mining algorithms and ELKI data management. I'm also confident in Excel and ACCESS software. I like to stay current with newer technologies and software to ensure my knowledge of industry tools is always at its best."

Can you break down the process you use when starting a new project?

This question can help you assess a candidate's organisational skills and ability to anticipate challenges in a new project. You can also see their leadership or work styles and ensure they are compatible with your company. What to look for an answer:

  • Logical thought process
  • Clear steps
  • Timely and efficient

Example:

"My first step is always taking some time to review the project, so I'm able to define the objectives or problem. If I have any issues figuring that part out, I will contact the client early on. Next, I find out how reliable the data is and where it originates from. I think about the best methods for modeling it and whether the deadline is realistic for the task at hand. After that, I carefully process the data and cross-reference it to a database to ensure accuracy."

Can you explain "data wrangling?"

This question helps you understand a candidate's thought process and understanding of a data analyst. Here's what to look for in an answer:

  • organised thought process
  • Accurate description
  • Knowledgeable about data analysis processes

Example:

"Data wrangling involves cleaning raw data, structuring and enriching it into desired formats. This process effectively maps out large amounts of extracted data from several sources and turns it into a more usable format. It's useful because it improves the efficiency of all analysis that follows."

How would you describe "time series" analysis?

This question assesses a candidate's ability to describe relevant procedures in data analysis. You can also gain insight into their knowledge of a data analyst's position. What to look for in an answer:

  • Confidence
  • Correct answer
  • Clear communication

Example:

"Time series is a type of statistical procedure that involves the ordered sequence of values when the variable has time intervals spaced equally. Time series data gets collected at opposing times, so there will be a link between the observations, which separates time series from cross-sectional data. In my previous role, I performed time series analysis to gather information to find patterns in marketing trends."

Why would you like to work with this company as a data analyst?

This question can help you determine if a candidate has an authentic interest in your company. You can also evaluate how their personality and goals align with your company's culture. What to look for in an answer:

  • Understanding of the job role
  • Genuine interest in the position
  • Knowledgeable about the company

Example:

"I am interested in work for X Solutions because I have heard that your managers take care to create an excellent work environment. I have a very collabourative approach to data analysis so I would be very excited be part of your team."

Can you explain the different ways to create a data frame in Pandas?

The goal is to ascertain a candidate's knowledge of Pandas and their ability to explain operations. You can vary this question to include software or programme more relevant to your company as long as you know the software well and confidently gauge a candidate's answer. What to look for in an answer:

  • Logical thinking
  • Answers confidently
  • Most logical steps

Example:

"When creating a Pandas data frame, there are two methods. The first is by initializing a dictionary. The second is initializing a list. If you are working in Python, there are two methods you can use to create a Pandas data frame. The first is by manually typing the values. The second is by importing from Excel or any other file."

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