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Python Interview Questions

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Whether you are preparing to interview a candidate or applying for a job, review our list of top Python interview questions and answers.

  1. Discuss some characteristics of the Python programmeming language. See answer
  2. Explain the history of Python. See answer
  3. How is Python used? See answer
  4. What is the difference between pickling and unpickling? See answer
  5. Name some apps that were built with Python. See answer
  6. Discuss the frameworks for app development that are popular with Python users. See answer
  7. Name the many databases Python supports and the most common ones. See answer
  8. Explain tuple, list, set, and dictionary. See answer
  9. What is PEP8? See answer
  10. How does Python manage memory? See answer
  11. In your projects, what is the value of Memcached? See answer
  12. What are arrays in Python? See answer
  13. What are the important errors in Python? See answer
  14. What are some of Python’s core default modules?
  15. Explain and give an example of inheritance.  
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Our mission

Indeed’s Employer Resource Library helps businesses grow and manage their workforce. With over 15,000 articles in 6 languages, we offer tactical advice, how-tos and best practices to help businesses hire and retain great employees.

Read our editorial guidelines

15 Python Interview Questions and Answers

Discuss some characteristics of the Python programmeming language.

Python is a dynamic language with many benefits and applications. The candidate should know specifically why Python is so remarkable and popular. What to look for in an answer:

  • Understands why Python is so powerful
  • Complete knowledge of Python code
  • Characteristics of Python programmeming language

Example:

"Python is object-oriented, it's easy to read, and makes complex tasks simple. It's a Rapid Application Development (RAD) programme, and I often use it as a scripting language. It's an interpreted language, dramatically typed, and its functions are first-class objects. You can use any text editor to write Python.  Python uses third-party modules, is compatible with all major operating systems, and dynamically uses variables. Other reasons it's popular are its outstanding library, it's ability to support big data, and that it can expedite test-driven development."

Explain the history of Python.

Any computer programmemer should know the history of the language they use. This gives them a better understanding of its development. What to look for in an answer:

  • Knowledge of Python User Groups (PUGs)
  • Aware of the connection to Monty Python
  • Who developed it and where

Example:

 "Python dates back to the early 1990s. Guido van Rossum created the language and named it after his favourite British comedy group at the time, Monty Python. He wrote the programme while working at a research facility in the Netherlands. It was a successor to the ABC language and interfaced with amoeba working framework, and took inspiration from Module 3. Worldwide Python users, sometimes called PUGs, hold conferences on every continent except for Antarctica. I actually attended one of those conferences in Alberta last year and found it very informative.

How is Python used?

Knowing the range of a computer language in different areas of business gives the programmemer a sense of its relevance. The candidate should name a few applications of Python. What to look for in an answer:

  • Numerous uses of Python
  • Businesses currently using Python
  • The level of power Python has

Example:

"It's used by the International Space Station's Robonaut 2, in particle physics labouratories, astronomy, cinema special effects, such as in Star Wars, and to build games. It's used in the music and video industries, operation systems, even in your doorbell. I've used Python for web applications, big data, and scientific modelling."

What are some of Python's core default modules?

The programmemer must know the core default modules inherent in the language they use for coding.  What to look for in an answer:

  • Deep knowledge of Python
  • High level of technical knowledge
  • The default modules within Python

Example:

 "Default modules include email, which is parsed and generated by Python. Other default modules are XML support, string, and databases."  

What is the difference between pickling and unpickling?

This is a technical question that evaluates the candidate's practical knowledge. They should understand the difference and explain when and how to use these modules. What to look for in an answer:

  • Practical knowledge
  • Details within Python
  • Technological knowledge

Example:

"You convert a Python object into a string through the pickle module, while unpickling does the opposite. Pickling puts the string into a file, and unpickling retrieves stored strings, turning it back into an object." 

Name some apps that were built with Python.

Python is a popular, widely used programmeming language. It's helpful when the candidate knows popular apps that use Python. What to look for in an answer:

  • Current in the industry
  • Awareness of several popular apps developed with Python
  • Knowledge of technology in various formats 

Example:

"A popular trend in building mobile apps is Python's blockchain. Python was used to build the world's biggest data exchange, BurstIQ. The tech trend of machine learning is another application because Python has the advantage of numerous libraries, such as Pandas and Scikit. Other apps include Netflix, Uber, Spotify, Pinterest, and Reddit. It's also used in dropbox, social media apps like Instagram, and in video games like Pirates of the Caribbean." 

Discuss the frameworks for app development that are popular with Python users.

For the easy development of mobile and web apps, Python needs the best support tools available. The answer to this question reveals the candidate's experience with the use of various frameworks. What to look for in an answer:

  • Technical details of Python    
  • Frameworks for Python app development
  • Why Python is popular for programmemers in app development

Example:

"Python is an excellent general-purpose dynamic language because it's easy to understand and implement. It's popular for creating various apps for mobile phones because of its interactive environment. It runs on the major operating systems, and there are many frameworks for using Python. For instance, Pyramid, Circuits, and CherryPy as well as other frameworks are Flask, Web2Py, Pycnic and Django."

Name the many databases Python supports and the most common ones.

This is a technical question that the candidate should know and will further prove their depth of experience. What to look for in an answer:

  • Python technical database information
  • Most common databases used for Python
  • Names of databases supported by Python

Example:

"MySQL, SQLite, and PostgreSQL are the most common databases supported by Python. Since SQLite can only handle a single connection, it's built into Python and retrieved through sqlite3. Python also supports MongoDB, Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server, and Microsoft Access."

Explain tuple, list, set, and dictionary.

It's important for a Python programmemer to understand collection types and how they work. This question assesses their knowledge of specific industry terminology and when and how to use these sets of data. What to look for in an answer:

  • Descriptions of each collection
  • An instance of where they might use them
  • Understanding of tuple, list, set, and dictionary

Example:

"Sets of data include a tuple, list, set, and dictionary. Parentheses represent a tuple, brackets show a list, and braces indicate set and dictionary. Tuples are Python objects separated by commas, equal to lists, and absolute. Accessible in a read-only format, tuples are static and accessed only by interpreters. Tuples store data in a single row, multiple rows, and columns. Lists also store data in a single row, multiple rows and columns, but represent the most powerful tool of Python. Set collections are data that allow mathematical operations. Finally, dictionary collections are unordered data.” 

What is PEP8?

A basic and easy question but essential for a qualified candidate to know. The candidate should define PEP8 and how Python developers use it. They should also acknowledge that there are several PEP documents. What to look for in an answer:

  • What PEP stands for
  • How to write code that conforms to PEP8 standards
  • Knowledge of Python technical terms

Example:

"PEP8 provides guidelines about Python best practises. The acronym stands for Python Enhancement Proposal. Its purpose is to format Python code to make it readable." 

How does Python manage memory?

The candidate must know how Python manages memory. Their answer should reveal their technical knowledge. What to look for in an answer:

  • How Python manages memory
  • How Python manoeuvres memory
  • In-depth understanding of technical functions

Example:

“Python manages memory with private heap space. The private heap holds Python objects and data structures. The memory manager assigns objects. The garbage collector recycles any unused memory and routes it to the heap space.”

Explain and give an example of inheritance.

While your company likely offers technical and written tests, the candidate should understand the functions of Python as outlined in a textbook. What to look for in an answer:

  • Why it's called inheritance
  • The purpose of inheritance
  • The three types of inheritance

Example:

“The inheritance function gives one class the characteristics and methods of another class. The child class, or the derived class, gains the characteristics. Super-class is the data sending the characteristics. The reason for inheritance is to create and maintain apps and deliver code reusability. Python supports three types of inheritance. One is the single inheritance where a derived class obtains a single superclass. The second Python inheritance is multi faceted where data can inherit a derived class from another. Finally, the multiple inheritance means that a child class receives all the methods and attributes from one or more base, or parent, classes.”

In your projects, what is the value of Memcached?

Memcached, a general-purpose system for memory-caching, is sometimes controversial. This question gives you insight into the candidate's opinions of Memcached, if they are a cultural fit, or how much training they need. What to look for in an answer:

  • What is Memcached
  • What is Memcached used for
  • If Python and Memcached are compatible

Example:

“I have used Memcaching in a previous position, however, it can be controversial. It's a distributed memory caching system. It reduces the times an external data source must be read, and it's used to speed up some websites. You must import a library to use the function. It's a free open-source software and runs on Unix and Microsoft Windows. I don't use Memcached in Python projects for several reasons. It's not a data store, which is a typical misuse and requires a second source for storing data. You can't query data, extract information, and it doesn't have any encryption or authentication security.”   

What are arrays in Python?

Arrays are like lists but not built into Python. The candidate must know how to develop an array in basic Python. What to look for in an answer:

  • Understanding of array lengths
  • Able to explain what arrays are
  • How to develop arrays in Python

Example:

"An array is a special variable that holds more than one value at a time. Python doesn't have built-in arrays, so instead, we can use lists. Alternatively, to develop arrays in Python I might import a library like NumPy. Arrays contain mixed data types, and the numarray module even provides support for IDL-style array operations, multi-dimensional array, and the 'where' function. The numarray only works with numbers, and its length is the highest array index plus one. Lists support objects and strings but can also convert to arrays."

What are the important errors in Python?

Important errors represent logical places for a programmemer to look for errors in the code. The candidate must be able to identify the most important errors and how to fix them. What to look for in an answer:

  • Can name all three important errors
  • A brief explanation of each
  • Can describe what error handling accomplishes

Example:

"There are three important errors I look for. They are the ArithmeticError, ImportError, and the IndexError. The Arithmetic Error is when arithmetic operations need revisions. The ImportError occurs when a typo in a module missing from the standard path, or in the module name. The IndexError happens when you reference an out-of-range sequence. These errors come up when the interpreter comes across them. Handling errors add to the strength of the code, guarding against failures causing the programme to close."

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