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Data Scientist Interview Questions

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Indeed’s Employer Resource Library helps businesses grow and manage their workforce. With over 15,000 articles in 6 languages, we offer tactical advice, how-tos and best practices to help businesses hire and retain great employees.

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Whether you are preparing to interview a candidate or applying for a job, review our list of top Data Scientist interview questions and answers.

  1. What are the essential skills of a successful data scientist? See answer
  2. As a data scientist, describe your perfect work environment. See answer
  3. Describe how you treat outlier values as a data scientist. See answer
  4. How would you describe root cause analysis? See answer
  5. How has your education prepared you for a data scientist role with our company? See answer
  6. How do you clean up and organise large amounts of data? See answer
  7. Tell me about your most significant contribution as a data scientist. See answer
  8. What process do you use to develop your own research questions and theories? See answer
  9. Describe several best practises of a competent data scientist. See answer
  10. Describe a time you had to resolve a conflict with a coworker. See answer
  11. What excites you about being a data scientist? See answer
  12. How do you determine if an algorithm needs to be modified? See answer
  13. What unique qualities make you stand out from other data scientists? See answer
  14. Tell me about the most recent project you’ve been working on.
  15. Looking back at your work experience, if you could change one project you’ve worked on, what would it be and why?
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Our mission

Indeed’s Employer Resource Library helps businesses grow and manage their workforce. With over 15,000 articles in 6 languages, we offer tactical advice, how-tos and best practices to help businesses hire and retain great employees.

Read our editorial guidelines

15 Data Scientist Interview Questions and Answers

What are the essential skills of a successful data scientist?

A competent data scientist has many skills and abilities that contribute to their success. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's awareness of their professional strengths. What to look for in an answer:

  • Ability to identify critical skills that contribute to success in the position
  • Awareness of their professional strengths and weaknesses
  • Understanding of the full scope of duties and responsibilities of the position

Example:

"In my opinion, the essential skills of a successful data scientist are statistical thinking, analytical skills, and data visualisation. Along with these skills, a data scientist also requires a solid foundation of technical knowledge of SQL, Python, and other computer languages for data analysis."

As a data scientist, describe your perfect work environment.

A data scientist typically works within an office environment. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's preferred work environment for maximum productivity. What to look for in an answer:

  • Self-awareness of preferred working environment
  • Ability to focus on workload despite surroundings
  • Interest in producing high-quality work effectively 

Example:

"Because working as a data scientist takes focus and attention, my perfect work environment is a quiet office space that contains what I need my job. For example, having a private office with a door to minimize outside noise and distractions with a comfortable desk, an ergonomic chair, and soft office lighting would be ideal."

Describe how you treat outlier values as a data scientist.

A data scientist needs to understand how to deal with data that lies outside the usual parameters. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's technical knowledge of outlier values. What to look for in an answer:

  • Ability to answer the question with professional confidence
  • Critical thinking and analytical skills to evaluate the most appropriate method
  • Understanding of various models and approaches

Example:

"When dealing with data outlier values, how I treat the information will depend greatly on the model I'm using. For example, the outlier values could be removed or ignored. Or, I would look at using a different model, algorithm, or try to normalize the data within the current model."

How would you describe root cause analysis?

A data scientist uses the principles of root cause analysis to determine the reason for a specific occurrence. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's understanding of root cause analysis in data. What to look for in an answer:

  • Technical understanding of root cause analysis
  • Ability to adapt their experience to benefit the current situation
  • Ability to provide a clear and concise description

Example:

"In data science, a root cause analysis is a process for isolating the underlying causes for a problem or defect. It was a process originally developed to determine the cause of workplace accidents, but it's now widely used in various applications, such as data science."

How has your education prepared you for a data scientist role with our company?

The educational requirements for the role will depend on your company. The goal of the question is to determine the candidate's academic background and ability to use their knowledge to benefit the success of their position. What to look for in an answer:

  • Completion of company-specific educational requirements, such as a bachelor's or master's degree
  • Ability to adapt their learned knowledge to the benefit of the position
  • A solid foundational understanding of data science and best practises in the industry

Example:

"After gaining my master's degree in statistics, I'm confident in my technical understanding of creating data theories and viable models to analyse company information. My training has provided me with the foundation for a successful career."

Tell me about the most recent project you've been working on.

Much of a data scientist's work is project focused. The goal of the question is to determine the candidate's most recent work experience. What to look for in an answer:

  • Interest in contributing to the success of the project
  • Ability to prioritise and remain organised within a complex project
  • Communication and interpersonal skills to work successfully with others in a team

Example:

"The most recent project I worked on was with a software company. My role in the project was to create and develop models then analyse customer data to create personalised product suggestions and narratives within the company's software platforms." 

How do you clean up and organise large amounts of data?

A data scientist needs to organise and work with large amounts of data proficiently. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's approach to cleaning data and managing it for usability. What to look for in an answer:

  • Understanding of possible value correction methods for outlier values
  • Awareness of various automation tools that can be used successfully
  • Ability to follow a scientific process for cleaning and organizing data

Example:

"When working with raw data, I ensure that the data I've collected makes sense. I evaluate the validity of any values that don't fall within the normal parameters. After assessing and handling any outlier values, I then use an automation tool to organise the data for analysis."

Tell me about your most significant contribution as a data scientist.

A data scientist is an integral member of an analytical team. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's professional contribution to their previous employers. What to look for in an answer:

  • Interest in producing high-quality work at all times
  • Ability to remain objective and scientific in their approach to their duties
  • Desire to make a significant contribution in their career

Example:

"In my career so far, the most significant contribution I've made would be my work with a start-up company that was developing a social app. I was responsible for developing and writing the algorithm for customization and user experience within the app. It was an exciting opportunity to work on a brand-new product from the ground up."

What process do you use to develop your own research questions and theories?

Unlike a data analyst who reviews and analyses data, a data scientist must determine their own questions and direction of their research. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's approach to developing questions and theories in their work. What to look for in an answer:

  • Ability to follow a scientific process for developing theories
  • Critical thinking and analytical skills to develop critical questions for research direction
  • Understanding of the company they work for and the related industry

Example:

"When first developing my questions, I look to the company for information on what problems or issues need to be solved. I also gain understanding from changes within the company or industry. Then I..."

Describe several best practises of a competent data scientist.

As in any career and industry, a data scientist must understand the best practises of their position's roles and responsibilities. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's approach to practising data science with integrity and accuracy. What to look for in an answer:

  • Understanding of data science best practises
  • Desire to provide high-quality results with accuracy
  • Critical thinking and analytical skills to determine areas of improvement in processes

Example:

"Some of the best practises used in data science include choosing the most appropriate tools and methods for analysis and determining the best metrics to evaluate the data. Another best practise is maintaining data integrity."

Describe a time you had to resolve a conflict with a coworker.

Although a data scientist often works independently, they are part of a larger data team and need to work successfully with others. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's ability to work productively within a team environment. What to look for in an answer:

  • Interest in resolving conflict independently without the need for mediation
  • Communication skills to openly discuss professional disagreements
  • Interpersonal skills to get along with others in a respectful manner

Example:

"I worked with a data analyst colleague who disagreed with my process of model creation. Although they had several valid concerns, I was able to defend my model and theory. I thanked them for their input and explained why I choose the model I created. Then we..."

What excites you about being a data scientist?

A successful data scientist needs to be passionate about their research and work. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's attitude about their career and contributions. What to look for in an answer:

  • A positive and enthusiastic attitude about their job
  • Self-awareness of their most enjoyable parts of their career
  • Ability to identify their professional strengths and weaknesses

Example:

"The most exciting part of being a data scientist is when I'm able to develop a successful model that provides a company with valuable insight into their customers or users. I love being able to relate what I do as a scientist to the end result of a product improvement or enhanced customer experience."

How do you determine if an algorithm needs to be modified?

A data scientist must understand how to create and improve an algorithm. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's ability to determine if an algorithm needs to be modified and what criteria they use to make their decision. What to look for in an answer:

  • Ability to follow an established process for evaluating the validity and accuracy of an algorithm
  • Technical knowledge on modifying an existing algorithm without user interruption 
  • Critical thinking and analytical skills to assess the algorithm objectively

Example:

"Typically, I'll look at several factors when deciding whether an algorithm needs to be modified. For example, if I need the model to change as the data comes into the structure, I will consider an update. Also, if the source of the data has changed, this may require a modification."

Looking back at your work experience, if you could change one project you've worked on, what would it be and why?

A data scientist must have perspective and objectivity when reflecting on previous projects to assess areas of future improvement. The goal of the question is to determine the candidate's ability to analyse their professional performance and provide self-evaluation. What to look for in an answer:

  • Ability to self-evaluate their performance objectively and learn from previous mistakes
  • Interest in continuing to develop professional skills and abilities
  • Critical thinking and analytical skills to evaluate past projects

Example:

"One project I would change or do differently is a government project dealing with social issues. The project presented many difficult problems that I hadn't experienced before, working with data sets regarding demographics, social issues, and relationship to geographic locations."

What unique qualities make you stand out from other data scientists?

A candidate wants to put forward their best qualities and characteristics during an interview. The goal of the question is to evaluate the candidate's unique skills that they feel best represent them and contribute positively to the company. What to look for in an answer:

  • A positive and enthusiastic attitude about the company and position
  • Self-awareness of professional strengths and weaknesses
  • Ability to adapt experience and skills to the benefit of the position

Example:

"One of the unique characteristics that I bring to the position is my understanding of the software industry and how to create impactful data models to enhance the customer experience."

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